St Andrews HCI Research Group

News

PhD Scholarship ‘Designing Techno-Cultural Ecologies: Prototyping Critical and Creative Interactions with Biodiversity’


The SACHI group are very pleased to announce the below PhD scholarship opportunity.

Title: Designing Techno-Cultural Ecologies: Prototyping Critical and Creative Interactions with Biodiversity

Closing Date: Tuesday 31 March 2026

This interdisciplinary PhD project investigates how digital technologies can be reconfigured to explore new frameworks for engaging with biodiversity. At a time of ecological crisis, when biodiversity loss remains less publicly understood and less culturally visible than climate change, the research seeks to rethink how knowledge of the natural world is produced, mediated, and shared. It offers an original contribution by integrating environmental humanities, design research, and digital fabrication to prototype new forms of technological engagement that do not merely represent biodiversity but recompose our ways of knowing and relating to it.

The research centres on the herbarium at the St Andrews Botanic Garden (SABG), an internationally significant but currently inaccessible archive of preserved plant, algal, and fungal specimens. This collection encapsulates both scientific data and socio-ecological histories, yet its epistemic potential has lain dormant for over four decades. The project aims to reactivate the herbarium as a “techno-cultural ecology,” a hybrid site where biological archives, digital systems, and human perception intersect to produce new forms of understanding. By creating tangible, embodied, and embedded digital interactions, the student will explore how technology can mediate encounters between people, archives, and living ecosystems, thus transforming the herbarium from a passive collection into a generative knowledge environment. The research is motivated by three interlinked observations. First, public engagement with biodiversity remains limited, in part because conventional scientific and digital representations abstract ecological knowledge from lived experience. Second, the epistemological division between nature and culture continues to restrict how biodiversity is valued and studied. Third, while interactive technologies have advanced rapidly, they often reinforce distance from the physical world rather than facilitating sensory and material engagement. This PhD will move beyond these limitations by using Tangible, Embodied, and Embedded Interaction (TEI) to create digital artefacts and installations that operate as experimental epistemic tools: objects through which new ways of sensing and conceptualising biodiversity can emerge.

The project’s epistemological innovation lies in reconceiving the role of digital technology not simply as a representational medium, but as an epistemic partner in ecological inquiry. By designing systems that operate through touch, movement, and spatial interaction, the research will develop alternative modes of knowing that are embodied, participatory, and situated. These prototypes will serve as research probes to explore how digital infrastructures might support sustainable, relational understandings of biodiversity in both scientific and cultural domains.

The supervisory team – spanning digital interaction design, environmental humanities, and botany – provides the ideal environment for this work. The student will benefit from guidance in both critical theory and technical practice, gaining the intellectual independence required to bridge multiple disciplinary methodologies. Regular supervision meetings, joint workshops at SABG, and participation in interdisciplinary research networks at the University will ensure robust academic support and opportunities for collaboration. The anticipated outcomes include digital artefacts, exhibitions, and scholarly publications that demonstrate how technological design can contribute to epistemological renewal in environmental research.

The research is grounded in an accessible and well-documented collection, supported by institutional expertise and facilities in both Schools. The research plan proposes iterative prototyping, field testing, and dissemination, drawing on established research methodologies, ensuring a manageable and coherent doctoral trajectory.

Aligned with the University’s strategic themes of Sustainability, Cultural Understanding, and Evolution, Behaviour, and Environment, the project will contribute to building institutional capacity in interdisciplinary ecological research and digital innovation. In sum, this PhD will make a distinctive world leading contribution through theoretical and practical knowledge at the intersection of technology, biodiversity, and culture, thus helping to reimagine how universities, heritage institutions, and communities engage with the living world in the twenty-first century.

Supervisors

Dr Loraine Clarke from the School of Computer Science and Dr Damiano Benvegnù from the School of Modern Languages

For further information: https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/study/fees-and-funding/scholarships/scholarships-catalogue/postgraduate-scholarships/world-leading-scholarship-04-computer-science-modern-languages/

Funding Notes The scholarship will comprise a full tuition fee award and an annual stipend paid at a rate set by the University of St Andrews. For 2025-2026, the stipend is £19,775 p.a., with an annual uplift published by the University each academic year. The stipend will be paid pro-rata to part-time students. The scholarships do not cover any continuation, extension, or resubmission period/fees, Visa fees, Immigration Health Surcharge, IELTS fees, costs for travel to and from the UK or research training grant or another equivalent award for research expenses.

 

 

Abd shares his participatory design expertise at the UK System Research Challenges Workshop


Abd is giving a talk about socio-technical change at the UK System Research Challenges Workshop.

Abd recently shared his expertise at the Eighth Annual UK System Research Challenges Workshop with a talk titled “Introducing Socio-technical Change in Large-Scale Systems: A Distributed Participatory Design Approach,” sparking curiosity among attendees.  

Abd, a member of the SACHI community and an HCI and Software Engineering Lecturer [1], emphasises the importance of understanding the experiences of those affected before rushing into solutions. Engaging them from the outset helps avoid costly blunders. As Abd puts it: 

“Co-designing with end-users isn’t just savvy—it’s the name of the game!” 

In his talk at the SRCW24, he emphasised the pivotal role of the discovery stage, stressing the need to actively involve end users in shaping system design. Abd cautioned against the pitfalls of jumping right into implementation and creating redundant systems or solving the wrong problems with the best solutions, advocating for a community-centric approach to innovation that resonates deeply with the ethos of SACHI. 

Drawing from his research and practical experiences, Abd urged the UK Systems Research community to explore innovative approaches that prioritise community needs. By aligning system development with real-world challenges, we can take significant steps forward in addressing critical societal issues like digital poverty [2]. 

Abd is giving a talk about socio-technical change at the UK System Research Challenges Workshop.

Abd is giving a talk about socio-technical change at the UK System Research Challenges Workshop.

Abd’s presentation served as a powerful reminder of the human aspect of system design, a core value shared by the SACHI community. It sparked vibrant discussions on how we can integrate community-led solutions into our research and design processes, ultimately leading to more meaningful and impactful outcomes.

Furthermore, Abd highlighted the benefits of participatory design, emphasising how investing time and resources upfront can lead to better outcomes, fewer redesigns, and cost savings in the long run. This underscores the value of prioritising user needs throughout the design process, aligning with the overarching theme of Abd’s presentation.  

As we reflect on Abd’s insights and experiences, let us continue to embrace a collaborative and user-centred approach to HCI research. By prioritising community needs and engaging in responsible innovation, we can create impactful solutions that address the diverse needs of our communities. 

Abd’s PhD thesis that provides more details on the framework:  https://doi.org/10.17630/sta/623 

[1] Eighth Annual UK System Research Challenges Workshop 2024: https://uksystems.org/workshop/2024/ 

[2] UK Parliament’s Communications and Digital Committee Report on Digital Poverty: https://api.parliament.uk/s/8e2afba6 

User Troubles during “Shoot St Andrews to Green”!


A map shows missing images from the OpenStreetMap for St Andrews

A map shows missing images from the OpenStreetMap for St Andrews

Many photos of St Andrews are missing from open-access maps. WikiShootMe allows anyone to add an image to places on Wikimedia and Wikipedia that doesn’t already have one. So we took the initiative to take photos of St Andrews’ historic buildings and upload them to Wikicommons using WikiShootMe. However, WikiShootMe is currently only a desktop website and is difficult to use when out and about. Many usability challenges emerged, leading us to turn this into a User-Centred Interaction Design project.

MORE

HCI meets Constraint Programming


Understanding How People Approach Constraint Modelling and Solving – University of St Andrews and University of Victoria

Ruth Hoffmann will be presenting the paper on “Understanding How People Approach Constraint Modelling and Solving” at the 28th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2022) taking place between July 31 to August 5, 2022 in Haifa, Israel.

This paper is a joint collaboration between SACHI (Human Computer Interaction) and Constraint Programming groups, in both the University of St Andrews, Scotland and the University of Victoria, BC.

Abstract

Research in constraint programming typically focuses on problem solving efficiency. However, the way users conceptualise problems and communicate with constraint programming tools is often sidelined. How humans think about constraint problems can be important for the development of efficient tools that are useful to a broader audience. For example, a system incorporating knowledge on how people think about constraint problems can provide explanations to users and improve the communication between the human and the solver.
We present an initial step towards a better understanding of the human side of the constraint solving process. To our knowledge, this is the first human-centred study addressing how people approach constraint modelling and solving. We observed three sets of ten users each (constraint programmers, computer scientists and non-computer scientists) and analysed how they find solutions for well-known constraint problems. We found regularities offering clues about how to design systems that are more intelligible to humans.

Researchers

The paper can be found at: https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CP.2022.28

Conference

Ruth will be presenting the paper in the main conference and giving an invited talk at ModRef 2022 to raise awareness of the benefits of understanding how people represent, model and solve constraint problems.

CP 2022 Conference link: https://easychair.org/smart-program/FLoC2022/CP-2022-08-03.html#talk:197219

ModRef 2022 link: https://easychair.org/smart-program/FLoC2022/ModRef-2022-07-31.html#talk:197355

More ModRef info: https://modref.github.io/ModRef2022.html#invtalks